12.12.2012
High Voltage 0-400V 22mA-600mA Regulated Power Supply TCA785
The power supply voltage setting from 0 ... 22ma 400v ... 600mA (maximum 1a) is able to cross the current setting on the circuit TCA785 phase control IC is not complicated, but the voltage is higher than we are used to design different systems used to feed at one dcdc converter tl081 opamp difficult market Sounds like to me is not necessary, but can be found in the author used the symmetrical supply opamp tl081 15v dc voltage operated with +-12v 2x12V çevirilip the integrated converter fed dcdc or additional transformer can be used instead of or in addition to TRA2 transformer windings can be selected accordingly. Of the power supply circuit, pcb, schema, there are drawings and bill of materials ..
11.12.2012
DC DC Converter 200W SG3524 SG3525 2X30V
I've done tests with TDA7294 100w single channel opto küblör quite well with the results and feedback are performed 200W DC to DC converter is trying to be more stable tests' mosfet number of 4 is not bad but it can be used to increase the efficiency of
on pc power transformer EI33 transformer is used in the output power, ER35 and so on. (p3 times of the transformers used on the writer, but after EI33 EI33 core differences in various codes not used) DC-DC converter circuit, the transformer would normally use an ATX transformer in reverse "primer" placed on the side of the high voltage output getting "secondary"'ve come up with low-voltage MOSFETs in the output of
I used to know a lot on the first try a schema is applied to the circuit sg3524 sg3524 based on the Kaya Artemis at I figured it would be a pretty ran the circuit started to work, but does not output as clean as I wanted itabiriyle sg3524 structure, but the addition of output transistor can be done, but this was the way that these say a lot of things I decided to use sg3525 top version, nor is it used in the old schema, there is very little difference anyway circuit already worked with the other tests went well
DC to DC converter circuit with auto REM remote in the section Anfi have used this system for a multi-car ignition is switched off anfilerinde canceled according to the demand needed to stop the adilebilir Anfi or continuous operation of this section can be combined with the +12 v line.
Are ATX power supply is used at the DC output 5v output of the filter coil windings take the +30 v and-30v line, use the
In addition, the current drawn will work, but for those who will give information to integrated depends on the current drawn is different from the same Even though I'm guessing all the time I have each had 4 modules are all different, so 600mA current pulled from 1a said
Finally, DCDC converter applications so far so I'm not interested in a long-term vocation, I am more concerned about smps high voltage, but not very useful in this study was the first DCDC converters have a strong source with a very high uğraşacaksanız trials because sometimes drawn too high current switching without enough power MOSFETs on or even not notice it turns out that different problems take time mosfet circuit debugging costs can mean boredom ...
also supply should not be less than 12 volts (works with 12V circuits) or even higher is better anyway, for example cars, usually over 12v 12v power supply with a 14V supply and the trials I've seen a big difference on the output voltage is less than 14V, the voltage drop was falling arttırınca also less than the number of mosfet but rather the number of mosfet mosfet drive was a good thing .... Transformers removed from the power supply to the PC I use to run the amp barely 200w 5v transformer windings When used, but have not tested it, but I do not know what happens when the output winding is used in that section with the switched 30V MOSFETs anlıyacağınız remain high for the number of coil windings according to him the higher the secondary output is increasing that's the core also affects the power, wire, need to be open-handed to mosfet cooler looks a bit short videos :) finally proud of the work a little bit bigger
10.12.2012
Led Lighting without transformer
The amount of light use it as a work light at night is not bad. Sink, small rooms, entrance areas, such as sufficient lighting. Have you used mcd LEDs (light power) not less than 2000 .. Approximately 55 pieces of white LED LED lighting circuit of the transformer is used.
13.11.2010
PLL FM Transmitter
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Dual-speed PLL designed for wideband FM transmitter.
Parts list:
Capacitors:
C1, C12 - 2,2 nF (ceramic)
C2, C9 - 10 nF (ceramic)
C3 - 47 uF (electrolytic)
C4 - 10 uF (tantalum)
C5 - 0,47 uF (electrolytic)
C6, C11 - 100 nF (ceramic)
C7 - 1 nF (ceramic)
C8 - 220 uF (electrolytic)
C10 - 22 pF (ceramic)
Resistors:
R1 - 1k
R2 - 4k7
R3, R4, R5, R7 - 10k
R6 - 1k (optional)
R8 - 47k (optional, see below)
Misc.:
IC1 - SAA1057
IC2 - PIC16F84 (programmed) + socket
IC3 - 78L05
X1 - 4 MHz crystal
D1 - LED diode (optional)
Tl1 - button (optional)
jumpers or DIP switches
Software for the IC2:
pll16f84.asm, pll16f84.hex. Oscillator type: RC, watchdog: ON.
Jumpers/DIP switches setting: see project documentation or download user-friendly program!
Instructions
The Tl1 button resets the unit. Press it after frequency set. The unit provides a reset on power-up, so you don't need to use the button.
The D1 LED indicates the tuning cycle is done (after one second from reset). It's not needed to use it and the R6 resistor.
The R8 resistor provides a minimal voltage of about 2 V on the PLL output. Use this resistor if the transmitter's oscillator doesn't work if the tunning voltage is below this value (mainly after power-up). Place the resistor over the R3.
Notes:
* Output of the PLL should not be directly loaded with big capacities (over about 0,3 uF). The PLL loop may be unstable. This applies to some unknown transmitters.
Download Project Documentation
Dual-speed PLL designed for wideband FM transmitter. Power supply: 8-15 V stabilized, 40 mA
Frequency range: 82,5-108 MHz
Step frequency: 100 kHz
RF input voltage range: 10-500 mV
RF input impedance: 135 ohm
Parts list:
Capacitors:
C1, C12 - 2,2 nF (ceramic)
C2, C9 - 10 nF (ceramic)
C3 - 47 uF (electrolytic)
C4 - 10 uF (tantalum)
C5 - 0,47 uF (electrolytic)
C6, C11 - 100 nF (ceramic)
C7 - 1 nF (ceramic)
C8 - 220 uF (electrolytic)
C10 - 22 pF (ceramic)
Resistors:
R1 - 1k
R2 - 4k7
R3, R4, R5, R7 - 10k
R6 - 1k (optional)
R8 - 47k (optional, see below)
Misc.:
IC1 - SAA1057
IC2 - PIC16F84 (programmed) + socket
IC3 - 78L05
X1 - 4 MHz crystal
D1 - LED diode (optional)
Tl1 - button (optional)
jumpers or DIP switches
Software for the IC2:
pll16f84.asm, pll16f84.hex. Oscillator type: RC, watchdog: ON.
Jumpers/DIP switches setting: see project documentation or download user-friendly program!
Instructions
The Tl1 button resets the unit. Press it after frequency set. The unit provides a reset on power-up, so you don't need to use the button.
The D1 LED indicates the tuning cycle is done (after one second from reset). It's not needed to use it and the R6 resistor.
The R8 resistor provides a minimal voltage of about 2 V on the PLL output. Use this resistor if the transmitter's oscillator doesn't work if the tunning voltage is below this value (mainly after power-up). Place the resistor over the R3.
Notes:
* Output of the PLL should not be directly loaded with big capacities (over about 0,3 uF). The PLL loop may be unstable. This applies to some unknown transmitters.
Download Project Documentation
RF Power Amplifier for iPOD Stereo FM transmitters 1W
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The schematic show you a RF amplifier with very high gain. The feeding RF signal enter C9 to transistor Q1 which has a self biased working point. The gain and working point is set with the two resistors R1 and R2. FB1, C5, C6 works as filter for rejecting RF to power line. Q1 has a gain about 15dBm. The output signal can be found a the collector which then enter a second amplifier stage Q2. This stage also has a self biased working point. The gain is set by the resistors R3//R4 and R5//R6.
Why do I have 2 parallel resistors like that?
It is because I want to be able to change the gain of the amplifier. On the PCB below you will see that I only have 2 pads for the resistors. When I want to resistors I solder the two resistors R5 and R6 on top of each other and the same with R3 and R4.
I advice you to start building without R3 and R5 and test the unit. If you want you can then add R3 and R5 later to obtain max gain of this stage.
Q2 has a gain of 12 dBm. FB2, C7, C8 works as filter for rejecting RF to power line.
The last amplifier stage is based around the transistor 2N3866. This transistor has low input impedance.
I match it by using 2 capacitors (C11, C12) and the inductor L1 to about 50 ohm. The transistor has an output impedance match, (C13, C14, and L3) to get best performance for an 50-75 ohm antenna.
# The inductor L1 is made by a wire 2 turns with 5mm diameter.
# The inductor L2 is made by a wire 7-9 turns with 6.5mm diameter.
# The inductor L3 is made by a wire 4 turns with 6.5mm diameter.
L4 is a Axial Lead Bead, which reject RF very good and has low resistance. You can use almost any choke or large inductor for L4, it is not a critical component.
The FM transmitter require 2 AAA batteries and consume about 38mA.
To get rid of batteries, I have added a voltage regulator IC1, to the PCB which deliver 3.3V to the FM transmitter unit.
PCB
The PCB is mirrored because the printed side should be faced down the board during UV exposure.
To the right you will find a pic showing the assembly of all components on the same board.
This is how the real board should look when you are going to solder the components.
It is a board made for surface mounted components, so the copper is on the top layer.
Grey area is copper and each component is draw in different colours all to make it easy to identify for you.
The scale of the pdf is 1:1 and the picture at right is magnified with 4 times.
Click on the picture to enlarge it.
Important:
Remember that the case of the Q3 is the collector and has direct connection to +12V DC.
This case must NOT come in contact with the ground plane (GND) or any order parts of the PCB.
At the right photo below, you can see that I have soldered Q3, 3-5mm above the ground plane.
Preparing BCP for transistor Q3:
The picture below show a vertical cut through the PCB.
Here you can see the Top side which has the strip line connections to all the parts and to the transistor legs Base and Collector.
You can also see the ground plane on the other side of the PCB.
After I have drilled the thin hole for the transistor legs, I use second larger drill (3mm), and drill a little bit into the ground plane.
The larger 3mm drill remove the copper around the hole and you will have no electric contact between the ground plane and the legs of the transistor.
The procedure must be done for both the Base-leg and the Collector-leg. Since the Emitter-leg is already connected to ground, this hole doesn't need to be modified.
As you see of the picture below, the transistor leg is connected (soldered) to the pad, but the leg has no connection to the ground plane.
Soldering and testing:
The soldering of this unit is pretty basic.
Connect all parts and make sure you have no soldering bridges on the PCB. soldering wick and rosin are good tools to have handy while soldering.
When testing the amplifier I advice you to use a 50 ohm dummy resistor as load or a proper antenna (more info about antenna below).
Make sure you use a non-inductive resistor. Before you switch on power you should set the variable capacitors C13 to max capacitance and C14 to min capacitance.
DC testing:
To make sure that both transistors Q1 and Q2 has good working point I advice you to measure the DC voltage at the junction R1 - FB1 and R4 - FB2.
I measured with NO input RF signal:
DC volt FB1 = 3.7 to 3.9 V
DC Volt FB2 = 7.1 to 7.4 V
Now your unit is ready to be tuned for best performance!
Download : Project Documentation External Antenna
The schematic show you a RF amplifier with very high gain. The feeding RF signal enter C9 to transistor Q1 which has a self biased working point. The gain and working point is set with the two resistors R1 and R2. FB1, C5, C6 works as filter for rejecting RF to power line. Q1 has a gain about 15dBm. The output signal can be found a the collector which then enter a second amplifier stage Q2. This stage also has a self biased working point. The gain is set by the resistors R3//R4 and R5//R6.Why do I have 2 parallel resistors like that?
It is because I want to be able to change the gain of the amplifier. On the PCB below you will see that I only have 2 pads for the resistors. When I want to resistors I solder the two resistors R5 and R6 on top of each other and the same with R3 and R4.
I advice you to start building without R3 and R5 and test the unit. If you want you can then add R3 and R5 later to obtain max gain of this stage.
Q2 has a gain of 12 dBm. FB2, C7, C8 works as filter for rejecting RF to power line.
The last amplifier stage is based around the transistor 2N3866. This transistor has low input impedance.
I match it by using 2 capacitors (C11, C12) and the inductor L1 to about 50 ohm. The transistor has an output impedance match, (C13, C14, and L3) to get best performance for an 50-75 ohm antenna.
# The inductor L1 is made by a wire 2 turns with 5mm diameter.
# The inductor L2 is made by a wire 7-9 turns with 6.5mm diameter.
# The inductor L3 is made by a wire 4 turns with 6.5mm diameter.
L4 is a Axial Lead Bead, which reject RF very good and has low resistance. You can use almost any choke or large inductor for L4, it is not a critical component.
The FM transmitter require 2 AAA batteries and consume about 38mA.
To get rid of batteries, I have added a voltage regulator IC1, to the PCB which deliver 3.3V to the FM transmitter unit.
PCB
The PCB is mirrored because the printed side should be faced down the board during UV exposure.
To the right you will find a pic showing the assembly of all components on the same board.
This is how the real board should look when you are going to solder the components.
It is a board made for surface mounted components, so the copper is on the top layer.
Grey area is copper and each component is draw in different colours all to make it easy to identify for you.
The scale of the pdf is 1:1 and the picture at right is magnified with 4 times.
Click on the picture to enlarge it.
Important:
Remember that the case of the Q3 is the collector and has direct connection to +12V DC.
This case must NOT come in contact with the ground plane (GND) or any order parts of the PCB.
At the right photo below, you can see that I have soldered Q3, 3-5mm above the ground plane.
Preparing BCP for transistor Q3:
The picture below show a vertical cut through the PCB.
Here you can see the Top side which has the strip line connections to all the parts and to the transistor legs Base and Collector.
You can also see the ground plane on the other side of the PCB.
After I have drilled the thin hole for the transistor legs, I use second larger drill (3mm), and drill a little bit into the ground plane.
The larger 3mm drill remove the copper around the hole and you will have no electric contact between the ground plane and the legs of the transistor.
The procedure must be done for both the Base-leg and the Collector-leg. Since the Emitter-leg is already connected to ground, this hole doesn't need to be modified.
As you see of the picture below, the transistor leg is connected (soldered) to the pad, but the leg has no connection to the ground plane.
Soldering and testing:
The soldering of this unit is pretty basic.
Connect all parts and make sure you have no soldering bridges on the PCB. soldering wick and rosin are good tools to have handy while soldering.
When testing the amplifier I advice you to use a 50 ohm dummy resistor as load or a proper antenna (more info about antenna below).
Make sure you use a non-inductive resistor. Before you switch on power you should set the variable capacitors C13 to max capacitance and C14 to min capacitance.
DC testing:
To make sure that both transistors Q1 and Q2 has good working point I advice you to measure the DC voltage at the junction R1 - FB1 and R4 - FB2.
I measured with NO input RF signal:
DC volt FB1 = 3.7 to 3.9 V
DC Volt FB2 = 7.1 to 7.4 V
Now your unit is ready to be tuned for best performance!
Download : Project Documentation External Antenna
AM25 - Professional AM Transmitter Kit
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Synthesized Professional Quality for your AM Station!
* Fully synthesized, no frequency drift!
* Ideal for schools
* Microprocessor controlled
* Strappable for higher power output where regulations permit
* Includes AC power adapter and case set
Run your own AM radio station!
The AM25 operates anywhere within the standard AM broadcast band, and is easily set to any clear channel in your area. The design is similar to that of a commercial radio transmitter, so you'll learn how the "big guys" operate. It is widely used by school - standard output is 100 mW, with range up to 1/4 mile, but is jumper setable for higher output where regulations allow. Broadcast frequency is easily set with dip-switches and is stable without drifting. The transmitter accepts line level input from CD players, tape decks, etc. Includes case & knob set & AC power supply.
Note: The AM25 is a do-it-yourself learning kit that you assemble. The end user is responsible for complying with all FCC rules & regulations within the US, or any regulations of their respective governing body.
Download AM25 Manual Kit Visit Page
Synthesized Professional Quality for your AM Station!* Fully synthesized, no frequency drift!
* Ideal for schools
* Microprocessor controlled
* Strappable for higher power output where regulations permit
* Includes AC power adapter and case set
Run your own AM radio station!
The AM25 operates anywhere within the standard AM broadcast band, and is easily set to any clear channel in your area. The design is similar to that of a commercial radio transmitter, so you'll learn how the "big guys" operate. It is widely used by school - standard output is 100 mW, with range up to 1/4 mile, but is jumper setable for higher output where regulations allow. Broadcast frequency is easily set with dip-switches and is stable without drifting. The transmitter accepts line level input from CD players, tape decks, etc. Includes case & knob set & AC power supply.
Note: The AM25 is a do-it-yourself learning kit that you assemble. The end user is responsible for complying with all FCC rules & regulations within the US, or any regulations of their respective governing body.
Download AM25 Manual Kit Visit Page
AM1C - Entry Level AM Radio Transmitter Kit
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#1 Scouting Project For Years
* Tunes entire 550 to 1600 KHz AM band
* Operates on 9 to 12 VDC, includes case set
* Standard line level input with RCA phono jack
* 100 mW output. Range up to 1/4 mile under optimum conditions
The AM1 is a great first kit, and a fine low power AM broadcaster for the hobbyist on a budget. It's a great way to learn the basics of AM broadcast technology, not to mention basic soldering and component identification (if you're a beginner!) The transmitter can be tuned to broadcast anywhere in the AM band (550 to 1600 kHz). Setting frequency is simple - tune a nearby AM radio to the desired frequency, then adjust the AM1 coil to match the radio. With 100 mW of output power, range can be up to 1/4 mile. The AM1 has been used by Scout camps, churches, schools, and other organizations to provide easy and low cost communications.
Note: The AM1C is a do-it-yourself learning kit that you assemble. The end user is responsible for complying with all FCC rules & regulations within the US, or any regulations of their respective governing body.
Download AM1C Manual Visit Page
#1 Scouting Project For Years* Tunes entire 550 to 1600 KHz AM band
* Operates on 9 to 12 VDC, includes case set
* Standard line level input with RCA phono jack
* 100 mW output. Range up to 1/4 mile under optimum conditions
The AM1 is a great first kit, and a fine low power AM broadcaster for the hobbyist on a budget. It's a great way to learn the basics of AM broadcast technology, not to mention basic soldering and component identification (if you're a beginner!) The transmitter can be tuned to broadcast anywhere in the AM band (550 to 1600 kHz). Setting frequency is simple - tune a nearby AM radio to the desired frequency, then adjust the AM1 coil to match the radio. With 100 mW of output power, range can be up to 1/4 mile. The AM1 has been used by Scout camps, churches, schools, and other organizations to provide easy and low cost communications.
Note: The AM1C is a do-it-yourself learning kit that you assemble. The end user is responsible for complying with all FCC rules & regulations within the US, or any regulations of their respective governing body.
Download AM1C Manual Visit Page
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